To find a reliable OTN equipment manufacturer in China, you can refer to the following suggestions:

1. Industry reputation and recommendations:

    – Ask partners or business contacts in the same industry. Their experience and recommendations are usually valuable.

    – Reference various industry reviews, awards or certifications, which often represent the quality of the company’s products and services.

2. Participate in industry exhibitions and conferences:

    – China has many communications-related exhibitions and conferences every year, such as CIOE (China International Optoelectronics Expo), etc. At these events, you can communicate directly with manufacturers and learn about their technologies and products.

3. Conduct on-site inspections:

    – Before selecting a supplier, it is recommended to conduct an on-site visit to the factory or company to intuitively understand its production capabilities, technical strength and corporate culture.

4. Product and technology evaluation:

    – Ask suppliers to provide product samples or conduct on-site testing to ensure their products meet your technical needs.

    – View their past project cases and customer feedback.

5. Inquiry and Contract Terms:

    – Obtain quotes based on requirements while carefully reviewing contract terms to ensure both parties clearly understand the responsibilities and obligations.

6. After-sales service assessment:

    – Understand the manufacturer’s after-sales service support, such as technical training, equipment maintenance, fault response, etc.

7. Qualifications and Certifications:

    – Confirm whether the manufacturer has relevant industry qualifications and international standard certifications, which usually ensure the quality of its products and services.

8. Internet search and forum reference:

    – Use search engines to query and view reviews and feedback from other customers.

    – Visit industry-related forums or social media platforms to learn about other users’ experiences and advice.

Considering that China’s communications equipment manufacturing industry is very mature and has many large, internationally influential companies, you should be able to find a reliable OTN equipment manufacturer that meets your needs.

More Application of OTN equipment Made in China

Optical Transport Network (OTN) equipment provides a multi-layered network architecture that supports multiple services and ensures that these services are transmitted efficiently and reliably in the optical network.

OTN equipment has functions such as digital encapsulation, frame mapping and multiplexing, allowing different types of traffic (such as Ethernet, SDH/SONET, Fiber Channel, etc.) to be transmitted in the same optical network.

The following are applications of OTN equipment in modern communication networks:

1. High-capacity long-distance transmission:

OTN equipment has forward error correction (FEC) and other digital signal processing technologies, which can be used for high-capacity optical transmission over long and ultra-long distances.

2. Multi-service mapping and multiplexing:

Through the G.709 OTN standard, OTN equipment can map multiple service types into a unified OTU (optical transmission unit) frame to ensure the unified management and transmission of these services in the optical network.

3. Fault isolation and recovery:

OTN provides multi-level protection mechanisms, such as 1+1, 1:1, M:N protection, etc., to ensure that services can be quickly restored when a fault occurs.

4. Network interoperability:

OTN equipment supports interoperability with other network equipment and technologies (such as SDH/SONET, MPLS-TP, PON, etc.).

5. Transparent transmission:

OTN allows various data formats (such as Ethernet, Fiber Channel, video, etc.) to be transmitted transparently in their original formats without additional conversion or adaptation.

6. Dynamic bandwidth allocation:

As traffic demand changes, OTN equipment can dynamically allocate or release bandwidth resources.

7. Enhanced monitoring and management:

OTN equipment provides enhanced fault management, performance monitoring and remote configuration functions, allowing network operators to grasp network status in real time and conduct effective management.

8. Support network layering:

OTN can provide clear definition and isolation for different network layers (such as WDM, MPLS, Ethernet, etc.).

9. Scalability:

OTN equipment is designed with a modular structure and can be expanded according to network capacity and service needs.

Overall, OTN equipment provides a powerful, flexible and reliable transmission solution for modern optical networks, meeting the needs of various businesses and applications.

OTN equipment overview

OTN technology was originally designed to provide an efficient, reliable and globally unified network framework for optical transmission. OTN provides multiple functions such as: multiplexing, forwarding, monitoring and the ability to maintain various service types.

Here is an overview of OTN equipment:

1. Standardization:

OTN is based on the ITU-T G.709 standard, ensuring global device interoperability.

2. Digital encapsulation and multiplexing:

OTN equipment can digitally encapsulate different types of traffic (such as Ethernet, SDH/SONET, Fiber Channel, etc.) into a unified OTU (optical transmission unit) frame, and then multiplex it in the optical fiber .

3. Transparent transmission:

OTN allows data to be transmitted transparently in its original format without any conversion or adaptation.

4. Forward Error Correction (FEC):

OTN equipment has forward error correction technology, which improves the strength and range of the transmitted signal, especially in long-distance and ultra-long-distance transmission.

5. Enhanced monitoring and management:

OTN provides detailed fault management, performance monitoring and configuration functions, allowing operators to understand and manage network status in real time.

6. Network protection and recovery:

OTN provides a variety of protection mechanisms, such as 1+1, 1:1, M:N protection, etc., to ensure that services can be quickly restored in the event of a failure.

7. Scalability:

Due to its modular design, OTN equipment can be easily expanded to meet growing traffic demands.

8. Multi-layered network:

OTN can provide clear definition and isolation for different network layers (such as WDM, MPLS, Ethernet, etc.).

9. Support various service types:

OTN can support various data formats, including voice, video, data and mobile services.

In short, OTN equipment provides a unified, reliable, and efficient transmission and management solution for optical networks, which can meet the needs of various businesses and applications and provide strong support for future network development.

【Abstract】This is simply introduces the concept of project management and cost control, the components of the cost of the transmission pipeline project and their proportions in the total cost, and analyzes the factors affecting the construction cost of the transmission pipeline project.

It describes in detail Specific measures for effective cost control in each stage of the project.

【Keywords】Transmission pipeline cost control The demand for communication bandwidth is ushering in an unprecedented era. 4G mobile Internet
The explosive growth of various emerging services such as networking, online high-definition video, online games, e-commerce, cloud storage and cloud computing, the Internet of Things, and enterprise private lines pose great challenges to the underlying transport network. 

The old 10G/40G The system is unsustainable. At the same time, the new generation of 100G OTN system has matured in theory and hardware, and standard formulation, equipment development, and system debugging have been completed one after another. 

Driven by the increasing pressure of bandwidth demand, the 1OOGOTN network is making great strides towards the era of full commercialization.

At present, the 100G OTN system has been deployed on a large scale in the backbone transmission network. 

There is no doubt that the deployment of the 100G OTN system in the large-scale local transmission network will be just around the corner.

This article starts with the technical background of 100G OTN and the service requirements of local transport networks, and discusses the application strategy of 100G OTN systems in local transport networks from the aspects of equipment selection, service protection path configuration, mixed transmission, and power distribution and heat dissipation.

1. Background

1.1 Technical background of 100G OTN system

As early as around 2010, IEEE, ITU-T, OIF, etc. formulated relevant standards for 100G system and OTN technology respectively, and got the support and promotion of equipment manufacturers, which laid a solid foundation for the development of 100G OTN system. 

Base In 2012, large-scale commercial deployment of 100G networks began in some European and American regions; in the same year in China, the three major operators also started laboratory tests on 1⑻G.

 Among them, China Mobile launched the largest-scale test in April 2012, and selected the national trunk line from Hangzhou to Fuzhou in June to take the lead in piloting the 100G transmission network of the trunk line. 

Up to now, 100G OTN has been applied on a large scale in the provincial trunk line .

The reason why operators are so actively promoting the upgrading of backbone networks is largely due to the increasing pressure of business traffic and network bandwidth. 

For large and medium-sized cities, local transmission networks also face huge challenges brought about by traffic growth.

Therefore, with the smooth progress of backbone network deployment, the large-scale application of WOG OTN in local networks can be expected.

1.2 Characteristics of local transmission network

The local metropolitan area network is a network with a large convergence ratio.

However, in the era when network applications have gradually shifted from simple web pages and emails to online videos, the amount of data has increased, and the characteristics of traffic have also changed from discrete to continuous. 

The aggregation switches and aggregation routers Value has diminished considerably, and the network tends to flatten.

In addition, the same data plane bears multiple services, which also puts a lot of pressure on the core layer.

If the construction mode of WDM network optical fiber direct drive is still adopted, resources such as optical fibers, pipes, and transfer boxes will be exhausted rapidly, and at the same time, it will not be possible to fully explore existing resources.

It has equipment potential; in addition, data configuration is not done in the traditional WDM system, and each business .
The assigned channels/wavelengths are fixed, making it difficult to schedule and meet the needs of multi-service operations.
WOG OTN supports OTUs with tunable wavelengths and separated branch lines. 

The flexibility in networking and network planning is greatly increased. Bandwidth pools can be pre-deployed according to needs, and then corresponding boards can be configured according to the service end to quickly meet service needs.

 When the particle changes, the board can be quickly replaced to meet the requirements, and the original bandwidth resources can be recovered at the same time, which is conducive to business change and expansion.

2. Necessity and feasibility of 100G OTN application in local transport network

2.1 Necessity

In a typical full-service MAN transport network, the main service bandwidth requirements carried by it are as follows:

After full service operation, the short-term and long-term bandwidth requirements for the aggregation and core layers are above 100G.

Compared with the current mainstream 10G/40G OTN, when the network section traffic exceeds 100G, the 100G OTN system has advantages in unit bandwidth cost and unit bandwidth power consumption.

2.2 Feasibility

In the initial stage of 100G development, standard organizations such as ITU-T, IEEE, and OIF have standardized definitions for 100G interfaces, modules, modulation and reception methods, and OTU frame structures, which has promoted the rapid maturity of the entire 100G industry chain.

The 100G system adopts coherent H)M QPSK code type technology, its biggest feature.
Chromatic dispersion and DGD are not limited, and the main parameter of the system design is the fiber attenuation. Therefore, in the new system, there is no need to configure the DCM module, and the system design is simpler than that of 10/40G.

On the optical cable network where the 10G/40G system is successfully deployed, there is no limit to deploying the 100G0TN system.

At the same time, as of now, the 100G industry chain is fully mature, and mainstream equipment manufacturers have large-scale supply capabilities.

3. Introduction strategy and deployment plan

3.1 Equipment selection

Metropolitan area network services are developing rapidly, with complex flow directions, frequent service changes and adjustments, a large increase in scheduling requirements between core nodes, and are more sensitive to project construction cycles and service activation cycles.

Therefore, it is suggested that:
Introduce high-capacity OTN cross-connect equipment

There is an obvious demand for super-large capacity between core nodes in the metropolitan area, especially super-core nodes.

It is recommended to introduce mature and commercially available large-capacity OTN cross-connect devices (at least 1T cross-connect capacity) directly in the core nodes of the metropolitan area network, and to introduce medium-capacity OTN cross-connect devices in edge nodes (At least above 300G crossover capacity).

Line bandwidth resources are planned to have an appropriate stock, reducing the project construction cycle and service commissioning and commissioning time, and satisfying the rapid service provisioning and business adjustment;

Since the data at the core layer of the metropolitan area network is mainly based on GE, 10GE, 2.5GPoS, lOGPoS, and 40G, equipment is required to support ODUO/1/2/3 crossover.

The metropolitan area core router directly outputs the Ethernet interface, such as GE/10G WAN/10G LAN, which is encapsulated and transmitted through OTN, without the need to configure long-distance modules, saving costs.

Realize the normalization of low-speed customer interfaces below 10G and 2.5G, reduce maintenance difficulty, and reduce spare parts.

In particular, the unified single board for 10G P0S/10GE services in the entire network can speed up the conversion of routers from 10G POS to cheap 10GE LAN interfaces .

3.2 Path organization

In order to improve the survivability of the network, the same type of business or the business that adopts load sharing shall be carried by the transmission network of two planes as far as possible;

closely combined with the principle of business network circuit organization, a safe and reasonable path arrangement strategy shall be adopted to ensure the end-to-end reliability of the service network circuit 

The 1+1 arrangement of WDM optical channels is based on the principle that the main and standby physical routing distances are the shortest and the number of nodes is the fewest, but the two components that constitute 1+1 protection should be avoided.
The problem of “same route” occurs on the optical channel (including the incoming section)

The OTN office station is equipped with ODF, which can be used not only as an optical dispatcher, but also as a terminal for external optical cables, and the type of connector is FC/PC. 

When used as an optical dispatcher, it can be used for the connection between WDM equipment and service system equipment, or the connection of each transfer channel between WDM equipment, and the connection between the optical branch interface of service system equipment and service signals, etc.; 

The number of OTU/SDH service card boards is configured, and the model selection is consistent with the original model of the equipment room to ensure that the equipment room is beautiful and easy to maintain.

3.3 Service Protection

For the SDH channel, since the SDH system itself has the protection capability within 50ms, it does not need protection at the WDM level.
With the introduction of network IP, a large number of data network services will consume a lot Channel resource of WDM system.

Considering that the IP network does not have the fast protection capability of the SDH system, it is necessary to provide WDM system protection for the IP services that need to be protected according to the networking principles of different operators.
For the network architecture that has considered circuit protection and has less strict security requirements (such as CIET), the WDM system does not need to configure protection;

other professional circuit requirements adopt optical channel 1+1 protection based on the 0TN standard ;

When the IP network structure is simple and the physical routes of optical cables are rich, and the logical link and independent physical routes are close to 1: 1, only the IP layer protection technology can be used.

3.4 Mixed transmission

The current MAN transmission network WDM system is mainly based on 10G/40G.

In the case of tight optical cable resources, 100G networking can be quickly activated by sharing optical layer mixed transmission.

When 100G and 10G/40G are mixed, some aspects need to be considered:
10G and 100G mixed transmission generally have 1-4 spans, and the transmission cost is relatively high.

During mixed transmission, it is necessary to plan the channels well and reserve a certain system OSNR margin.

When 40G and 100G are mixed in transmission, no matter what the transmission distance is, there is no any 0SNR transmission cost can be mixed at will; however, when 100G and other 40G codes are mixed for transmission, the transmission distance of the optical layer is mainly limited by the 40G system. 

During deployment, since the 0SNR tolerance of 100G is about 1.5 dB higher than that of 40G systems, the distance between OTM and OTN stations should fully consider the transmission capability of 100G;

Deploy according to 100G requirements, and make channel planning in advance.

However, since the transmission technology implemented by the 100G system is quite different from that of 10G and 40G, in order to ensure the performance of the transmission system and save the overall cost of the system.

it is recommended to use as few mixed transmission schemes as possible.

3.5 Power Distribution and Heat Dissipation

Although the single-bit energy consumption of the 100G system will be further reduced, due to the improvement of integration, the power consumption of a single OTN subrack will further increase, which will pose a huge challenge to the power supply and heat dissipation of the transmission equipment room. 

Taking Huawei OSN9800 U64 subrack as an example;

the single OTN subrack The maximum typical power consumption of the rack is 12.7kw (typical configuration: 30 X TNU1N402+18X TNV1T402C01+14X TNV1XCS+2X TNU1CTU+20XTNV1PIU+1XTNV1EFI+8X fan box), if calculated according to this power consumption, the current power distribution and heat dissipation conditions of the transmission room It is difficult to meet 100G OTN deployment.

In power distribution, according to the partition power supply design scheme of the equipment, different partitions of the equipment are powered by different power distribution cabinets of the same power system, which reduces the power distribution pressure of the cabinets and disperses the risk of power supply. 

When the project is completed using this scheme, it is necessary to It is very easy to maintain the detailed handover data for future maintenance.

For newly-built transmission equipment rooms, the substantial increase in power density can be handled by increasing the distribution capacity and reserving sufficient air-conditioning cooling capacity. 

For most existing computer rooms, it is necessary to optimize the cabinet layout, such as dispersing a small number of high-power consumption cabinets, so as to make full use of the redundant cooling capabilities of the surrounding low-power consumption cabinets.

 It is also possible to carry out precise air supply transformation on the existing air outlet of the air conditioner, install an air duct and install a sealed rear cover on the air inlet side of the cabinet.

So as to direct the cold air into the equipment cabinet, make full use of the stored cooling capacity of the air conditioning system, and ensure high density The heat dissipation of the OTN subrack is safe.

4. Conclusion

100G0TN technology is mature and has been widely used in trunk transport networks.

Due to the advantages of 100G OTN in terms of cost per bit and power consumption, with the surge of network traffic, it is inevitable to extend the deployment of 100G OTN to local transport networks. 

Compared with the backbone network, the local transmission network will involve more nodes, carry more types of services, and put forward higher requirements for maintenance work.

At the same time, large-scale deployment will bring greater challenges to power distribution and heat dissipation in the equipment room.

 It is hoped that through the above analysis, for The deployment of the 100G0TN system in the local transmission network provides a reference.

How to test OTN equipment from China and its OTN system software?

The process of detecting OTN (Optical Transport Network) equipment and its related software involves multiple steps and tools. To ensure the reliability, stability and high performance of OTN equipment and systems, a series of tests are usually required. The following is a general method for detecting OTN equipment and OTN system software:

1. Physical inspection:

    – Check the physical appearance of the device to ensure there is no damage.

    – Verify proper functionality of all connectors, ports, and indicators.

    – Make sure the equipment is installed correctly and properly grounded.

2. Interface testing:

    – Use test equipment to check all physical interfaces (e.g., optical, electrical) to ensure they are operational.

    – For optical interfaces, you can use an optical power meter to check the transmitted and received optical power.

3. Basic configuration test:

    – Log in to the device’s management interface (usually via the CLI or web interface).

    – Check and verify basic configuration such as IP address, subnet mask, gateway, etc.

    – Verify network connectivity and remote access capabilities.

4. OTN specific function testing:

    – Check G.709 functionality, including forward error correction (FEC).

    – Verify ODU (Optical Channel Data Unit) mapping and multiplexing.

    – Test protection and recovery functions, such as fiber switching protection.

5. Performance test:

    – Use dedicated performance testing equipment, such as BERT (Bit Error Rate Tester), to test the bit error rate of data transmission.

    – Evaluate system latency and throughput.

    – If possible, conduct a long load test to ensure stability.

6. Software function and stability testing:

    – Verify all software functionality to ensure they work as expected.

    – Stress test the system to determine its behavior under high load.

    – Check logs and alerts to make sure there are no errors or warnings.

7. Upgrade and backup verification:

    – Test the software and firmware upgrade process to ensure there are no issues.

    – Verify the integrity and recoverability of configuration and system backups.

8. Security testing:

    – Verify all security measures such as firewalls, access control lists and user permissions.

    – If possible, conduct penetration testing to assess the security of the system.

9. Compatibility testing:

    – Ensure that OTN equipment can work properly with other equipment in the network (such as routers, switches, DWDM equipment, etc.).

After completing the above tests, it is recommended to continuously monitor the performance and stability of OTN equipment and systems to ensure their normal operation and to identify and solve any potential problems in a timely manner.